See clingen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klink"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "klingen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klink"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "klinken"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "klinge"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "klinke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "clink"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "clink"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinken"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*clingan",
"Reconstruction:Old Dutch/clingan"
],
[
"*klinganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klinganą"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*clingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *clingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klinganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klinganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *clingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clinken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sound, to resound"
],
"id": "en-clingen-dum-verb-QxV26vOj",
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"resound",
"resound"
]
]
}
],
"word": "clingen"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*clingan",
"Reconstruction:Old Dutch/clingan"
],
[
"*klinganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klinganą"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*clingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *clingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klinganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klinganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *clingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clingens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clingene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clincs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinges",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clincs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinges",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clingende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clinken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cling"
},
"name": "dum-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cling, to stick"
],
"id": "en-clingen-dum-verb-9XLhCpbA",
"links": [
[
"cling",
"cling"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 30 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wither, to wilt"
],
"id": "en-clingen-dum-verb-RUTPulen",
"links": [
[
"wither",
"wither"
],
[
"wilt",
"wilt"
]
]
}
],
"word": "clingen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klink"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "klingen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klink"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "clinquant"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "klinken"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "klinge"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "klinke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "clink"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "clink"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinken"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*clingan",
"Reconstruction:Old Dutch/clingan"
],
[
"*klinganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klinganą"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*clingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *clingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klinganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klinganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *clingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clinken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to sound, to resound"
],
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"resound",
"resound"
]
]
}
],
"word": "clingen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*clingan",
"Reconstruction:Old Dutch/clingan"
],
[
"*klinganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klinganą"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*clingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *clingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klinganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klinganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *clingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clingens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clingene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clincs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinges",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clincs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinges",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clinct",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clinget",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clingende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clinken",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clingen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cling"
},
"name": "dum-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to cling, to stick"
],
"links": [
[
"cling",
"cling"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to wither, to wilt"
],
"links": [
[
"wither",
"wither"
],
[
"wilt",
"wilt"
]
]
}
],
"word": "clingen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for clingen meaning in Middle Dutch (7.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: clingen/Middle Dutch 'base form' base_tags={'weak', 'infinitive'}",
"path": [
"clingen"
],
"section": "Middle Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "clingen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.